Lesson #4:

Protein Synthesis

Learning Intention:

Students will be able to determine how mutations are due to copying errors and how DNA leads to the creation of proteins. 

Success Criteria:

I am successful when I can...

1. Explain how mutations occur when DNA replication has a copy error.

2. Describe the process for how DNA codes for the synthesis of proteins. 

Agenda:

Part 1: Replication Warm-Up

Part 2: Vocabulary 

Part 3: Differences Between DNA and RNA

Part 4: Video

Part 5: Codon Chart

Reminders:

Next test will be Thursday 5/12

Tutoring Monday and Tuesday from 3-4 pm. 

Part 1: 

Replication Warm-Up

(10 min)

Part 2:

Stop n' Jot

1) Ribosome: Organelle where protein is created. 

2) mRNA: Stands for messenger RNA. Carries genetic code to ribosomes. Key to protein creation. 

3) Synthesis: To make / create. 

4) Codon: A sequence of three nucleotides which together form a unit of genetic code. Codes for amino acids. 

5) Amino Acids: Combine to form proteins. 

6) Protein: Determine traits depending on protein shape. 


Part 3: 

Difference Between DNA and RNA

(5 min) 

View the image below and discuss with your group:

1) What are some similarities between DNA and RNA?

2) What are some differences?

Part 4: 

How does DNA go from RNA to Proteins?

(5 min)

Directions: As the video plays, write a short summary in your notes that describes the steps taken for DNA code for mRNA and then mRNA to code for proteins.

Key Points

DNA--> RNA--> Amino Acid Sequence--> Protein--> Trait

Part 5: 

Codon Chart

(10 min)

Codons are three bases that code for an amino acid. We can figure out which amino acid it codes for using the chart below: 

Example:

Step 1) DNA: TAC CAG GTA ACT

Step 2) RNA: AUG GUC CAU UGA

Step 3) Amino Acid Chain: MET + VAL + HIS + STOP